Perbandingan Efektivitas Kombinasi Koagulan Alum-Ca(OH)2 dan Alum-FeSO4.7H2O dalam Menurunkan Konsentrasi Logam Nikel (Ni) Menggunakan Proses Koagulasi-Flokulasi

Lutfiah Lutfiah, Fiqry Tandipau, Nuritasari Azis, Nur Aeni, Triana Febrianti

Sari


Polusi logam berat nikel (Ni) di perairan akibat kegiatan industri menimbulkan ancaman serius bagi ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia karena sifatnya yang beracun dan karsinogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan membandingkan efektivitas kombinasi koagulan tawas-Ca(OH)? (Sistem A) dan tawas-FeSO?·7H?O (Sistem B) dalam mengurangi konsentrasi Ni melalui proses koagulasi-flokulasi. Sampel air limbah buatan dengan konsentrasi awal 100 mg/L diolah menggunakan uji tabung dengan memvariasikan komposisi massa koagulan dan waktu flokulasi (10, 15, 20, dan 25 menit). Konsentrasi Ni sisa dianalisis menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sistem A secara signifikan lebih efektif daripada Sistem B, di mana penambahan Ca(OH)? meningkatkan pH larutan menjadi basa, sehingga memicu pengendapan nikel menjadi nikel hidroksida (Ni(OH)?). Sebaliknya, Sistem B, yang cenderung bersifat asam, menyebabkan ion Ni tetap terlarut, dengan efisiensi penghilangan hanya berkisar antara 77,33% hingga 80,61%. Variabel waktu flokulasi tidak menunjukkan pengaruh linier yang signifikan setelah 10 menit, yang mengindikasikan bahwa titik kesetimbangan pengikatan nikel tercapai dengan cepat. Kondisi optimal dicapai oleh kombinasi koagulan A3 (100 mg tawas dan 100 mg Ca(OH)?) pada waktu flokulasi 20 menit, yang menghasilkan efisiensi penghilangan sempurna sebesar 100,00% dan kapasitas penghilangan maksimum sebesar 250,00 mg/g.

Kata Kunci


Alum; Ca(OH)2; FeSO4.7H2O; Coagulation-flocculation; Nickel metal

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.61316/jrma.v4i2.337

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